The reign of Henry VIII witnessed fundamental changes in English society, the nature of which remains the subject of intense debate among historians. This course aims to study in detail the political, religious and cultural changes of the period, and to assess the role of the king and other key personalities in the transformation of society.
This course will study the process by which England’s ‘Defender of the Faith’ came to break away from the authority of the Pope in Rome, establish a separate national Church in England, Wales and Ireland and oversee wide-ranging reform not only in religion, but also in the nature and administration of government and the relationship between state and the people. The course will concern itself both with personalities (including Katherine of Aragon, Thomas Wolsey, Anne Boleyn, Thomas Cromwell, Thomas Cranmer, and Katherine Parr) and with structures (Church, Court, and Council). Henry’s controversial, larger-than-life character dominates the period.
We will consider how best to assess him: was he a ruthless tyrant or manipulated by scheming servants? A godly prince or religious opportunist? He was also fascinated by warfare and by artistic expression of all kinds. Seeking to understand Henry’s preoccupations and ambitions, we will address the key historical problems of the reign.