From Cloak and Dagger to Code and Data: Espionage, IT and the Modern State

Overview

In today’s interconnected world, the most decisive battles for global power are fought not on land, sea, or air, but in cyberspace, research labs, and boardrooms. This five-day intensive course reveals how modern espionage, both digital and human, has become a central instrument of statecraft.

Through case studies, theoretical framing, and guest speakers from intelligence and industry, you will uncover how nations such as China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea use espionage to advance their strategic interests. Special attention will be given to China’s two-decade campaign to acquire Western technologies and intellectual property, offering you an inside look at real-world operations, tradecraft, and national security implications.

Drawing on original research from your tutor’s most recent publication: The Great Heist: China’s Epic Campaign to Steal America’s Secrets (2026) and enriched by practitioner perspectives, the course will help you understand, analyse, and mitigate the modern espionage threat, whether in policy, business, or academia.

This course is part of the Inspiring Oxford summer school programme, held at Brasenose College.

Programme details

Daily schedule

After registration on Sunday afternoon, we invite you to a welcome meeting in the Amersi Lecture Theatre in New Quad, where you will meet your tutors. Join us in Deer Park afterwards for our opening drinks reception, followed by dinner in Brasenose’s historic dining hall (informal dress).

Seminars take place on weekday mornings. Most afternoons are free, allowing you time to explore Oxford, enjoy a variety of optional social events (see details below), or to sit back and relax in one of the college's atmospheric quads.

Your course culminates on Friday evening with a closing drinks reception and gala farewell dinner at which Certificates of Attendance are awarded. For this special occasion smart dress is encouraged (no requirement to wear dinner suits or gowns).

Social programme 

We warmly invite all Inspiring Oxford students to take part in our optional social programme, with all events provided at no additional cost. Events are likely to include:

  • Croquet on the quad
  • Chauffeured punting from Magdalen Bridge
  • Expert-led walking tours of Oxford
  • Optional visit to an Oxford Library or the Ashmolean Museum
  • River Thames afternoon cruise
  • Quiz night in the college bar
  • Scottish country dance evening (where you do the dancing!)

Seminars

Monday

The Evolution of Espionage: From Cloak and Dagger to Code and Data

Your week opens with a sweeping journey through the history of espionage, tracing its evolution from the shadowy intrigues of ancient empires to the algorithmic complexity of the digital age. We will explore how human intelligence (HUMINT) relies on recruitment, motivation, deception, and the subtle dance of double agents. We also delve into the anatomy of the intelligence cycle, revealing how information gathered in the field transforms into analysis and, ultimately, policy. As new frontiers such as AI, quantum computing, and open-source intelligence reshape the craft, we grapple with the central question: is espionage an act of aggression, or simply statecraft by other means?

Our day concludes with an immersive simulation, The Mole Hunt, where small groups investigate a fictional insider threat, testing their analytic instincts and teamwork skills.

Tuesday

The Logic of Espionage: Why Nations Spy

Today, we examine the rationale behind espionage through the lens of international relations theory. You will consider how realism, constructivism, and other frameworks explain why nations collect secrets and how intelligence supports grand strategy. The discussion moves from the economics of information (knowledge as power) to comparative studies of U.S., Russian, and Chinese doctrines, highlighting how different states integrate espionage into foreign policy. The private sector’s expanding role as a frontline of national security adds a contemporary dimension.

Today, we also hear from two online guest speakers include David Shedd, a former senior U.S. intelligence official, who discusses strategic intelligence and counterespionage policy, and a corporate security executive who explains how companies defend trade secrets in a world of relentless data theft.

Wednesday

The China Model: Espionage as State Strategy

Midweek, we turn the spotlight on China’s approach to intelligence as an instrument of state power. We take you inside the Ministry of State Security and related agencies to understand how espionage underpins national ambitions like Made in China 2025, and technological supremacy. Through detailed case studies (including Huawei, the Thousand Talents Programme, and incidents of Western corporate infiltration) you will uncover the structure of China’s covert networks, from cyber operators to academic partnerships.

A case workshop invites you to dissect real-world operations, analysing motives, methods, and consequences. The day’s discussion challenges Western assumptions, asking whether China’s patient, networked, and systemic espionage marks a departure from the Cold War paradigm, and what that means for the future balance of power.

Thursday

Cyber Espionage and the Weaponisation of Data

Our focus today shifts to the digital battlefield as we invite you to explore the rise of cyber intelligence (CYBINT) where hacking, phishing, and data exfiltration are tools of statecraft. We examine the role of cyber operations in countries such as Russia, Iran, and North Korea, unpacking landmark cases like Stuxnet, SolarWinds, and NotPetya. Emerging technologies (AI-driven attacks, deepfakes, and quantum codebreaking) are discussed as forces transforming espionage into something both more pervasive and more ambiguous.

Friday

Protecting Secrets: Counterespionage, Academia, and the Future

On our final day we turn to defence, and consider how democracies can safeguard their secrets in an era of pervasive surveillance and global competition.

You will explore how universities, laboratories, and corporations have become prime targets for state-sponsored intelligence and how governments and the private sector cooperate to counter these threats. Policy tools, ranging from sanctions and prosecutions to export controls and information security laws, are examined alongside the ethical tensions between transparency, innovation, and national interest.

Our course concludes with a reflective synthesis on how espionage, once confined to the shadows, now shapes the open and interconnected world of the 21st century.

Certification

Certificate of Attendance

At the end of the course you will receive a Certificate of Attendance.

Digital Certificate

You will also be issued with an official digital certificate of attendance. After the course, you will receive an email with a link and instructions on how to download it. You will be able to share this on social media and add to your email signature if you wish to do so.

Fees

Description Costs
Fee option 1 (single en suite accom and meals per person) £2625.00
Fee option 2 (single standard accom and meals per person) £2275.00
Fee option 3 (twin en suite accom and meals per person) £2435.00
Fee option 4 (no accom; incl lunch and dinner per person) £1855.00

Funding

Please note there are no sources of funding (scholarships, bursaries, etc) available for the Inspiring Oxford Summer School programme.

Payment

All fees are charged on a per week, per person basis

Included in the course fee:

  • Any included excursions (see programme details above) and the full optional social programme.
  • Breakfasts Monday-Saturday (residential guests only), five weekday lunches, and dinners Sunday-Friday. If your course includes a full-day field trip, a packed lunch is normally provided.
  • Morning refreshments and the welcome and closing drinks receptions.

Participants attending multiple weeks

Residential participants staying at Brasenose College for consecutive weeks may arrange an additional Saturday night bed-and-breakfast between courses, available for an additional fee. Please email inspiringoxford@conted.ox.ac.uk to arrange this.

Payment terms

  • If enrolling online: full payment by credit/debit card at the time of booking.
  • If submitting an enrolment form: full payment online by credit/debit card or via bank transfer within 30 days of invoice date.

Please be aware that all payments (and refunds) made via non-UK credit/debit cards and bank accounts are subject to the exchange rate on the day they are processed.

Course change administration fee

Please note that course transfers may be permitted in exceptional circumstances at the discretion of the Programme Administrator, up to 1 May 2026; however, in accordance with our terms and conditions for our open access courses, an administration fee of £50 will be charged.​

Cancellations and refunds

Please see the terms and conditions for our open-access courses.

The Department cannot be held responsible for any costs you may incur in relation to travel or accommodation bookings as a result of a course cancellation, or if you are unable to attend the course for any other reason. You are advised to check the terms and conditions carefully and to purchase travel insurance.

Tutor

Mr Andrew Badger - Tutor

Andrew Badger is the co-author of the forthcoming book The Great Heist: How China Stole the West’s Secrets, Harper Collins (2025). Mr. Badger is a veteran of the US Intelligence Community (IC) where he served for six years as a human intelligence collection officer. Mr. Badger is a graduate of the CIA’s elite training course “The Farm” and deployed to Afghanistan in 2014 where he conducted intelligence operations in support of the US military. Since transitioning to the private sector, Mr. Badger has worked in geopolitical risk management for firms like McKinsey and Deutsche Bank. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Government from Harvard University and a Master’s degree in Diplomatic Studies from the University of Oxford. He is currently a Research Associate with the Oxford Emerging Threats Working Group.

Teaching methods

Participants will be taught in seminar groups of up to 16 people.

Teaching methods used during this course may include:

  • Short lectures/presentations
  • Physical handouts
  • Seminars/group discussions

Application

Registration closes on 29 May 2026 at 2pm BST (UK time).

If your preferred course is fully booked, you may wish to add yourself to the waiting list and the Programme Administrator will contact you should a place become available.

Online enrolment (single person accommodation and non-residential)

Single person accommodation and non-residential places should be booked online by clicking on the 'Book now' button at the top of this page. Please do not complete an enrolment form for these. 

If you have any trouble booking online, please contact the Programme Administrator by emailing inspiringoxford@conted.ox.ac.uk.

Online enrolments require payment in full at the time of registering.

Single bedroom options:

  • Single en suite: private bathroom facilities (shower, washbasin and toilet).
  • Standard single: private bedroom with shared bathroom facilities (typically shared among four participants).

Enrolment form (multi-occupancy or accessible accommodation)

Twin bedrooms

Those requiring a twin en-suite room (for two people) should complete an enrolment form as these rooms cannot be booked or requested online. Please note these rooms have limited availability. 

If requesting a twin room, each person should complete an enrolment form and name the other person who they wish to share a room with. 

Ground/lower floor accommodation

Brasenose rooms do not have lift access, and the higher rooms can be located up a few flights of stairs. If you need a room on a ground or lower floor please complete an enrolment form and indicate your requirements, or contact the Programme Administrator directly at inspiringoxford@conted.ox.ac.uk as soon as possible. 

Enrolment form

The enrolment form is an editable PDF and can be completed electronically, so you should not need to print and scan it. 

Completed forms should be sent:

  • by email to inspiringoxford@conted.ox.ac.uk, or

  • by post to Inspiring Oxford, Oxford Lifelong Learning, University of Oxford Department for Continuing Education, 1 Wellington Square, OXFORD, OX1 2JA, UK.

Level and demands

The Inspiring Oxford programme is aimed at non-specialists: no prior knowledge is required, and classes are pitched at an introductory level. Courses are designed for an international audience aged 18 and over.

There are no assessments for this course.

Accommodation

Residential options are outlined below.

Please see the 'application' section above for guidance on how to book or request the right accommodation for you, including how to request a lower/ground floor room.

The course fee includes breakfasts Monday-Saturday (residential guests only), five weekday lunches, and dinners Sunday-Friday. All meals included are served in Brasenose College's dining hall. If your course includes a full-day field trip, a packed lunch is normally provided.

Accommodation options at Brasenose

During your course, for an authentic Oxford University experience you can stay in typical student accommodation at Brasenose College, in the heart of the city in buildings overlooked by the iconic Radcliffe Camera. 

Please note that bedrooms are student rooms. They are simply and modestly-furnished and do not have air-conditioning. You can find out more about Brasenose and its facilities by visiting their website.

The following types of accommodation are available. 

  • Single en suite: private bathroom facilities (shower, washbasin and toilet).
  • Twin en suite: shared between participants that apply to the programme together, with private bathroom facilities.
  • Standard single: private bedroom with shared bathroom facilities (typically shared among four participants).

Non-residential option

Prefer not to stay on site? We also offer places on a non-residential basis whereby participants can take classes and have lunch and dinner at Brasenose College, having arranged their own accommodation elsewhere. Breakfast is not included.

Non-residential participants are warmly encouraged to take part in every aspect of the academic and social programme and enjoy the same access to Brasenose facilities as residential participants.

Participants attending multiple weeks

We welcome students who want to attend multiple Inspiring Oxford courses. Residential participants staying at Brasenose College for consecutive weeks may arrange an additional Saturday night bed-and-breakfast between courses, available for an additional fee. This option ensures a seamless and enjoyable stay in Oxford.

Accommodation before/after your course

We are unable to arrange accommodation at Brasenose College prior to or following your course. Please visit universityrooms.com if you require additional nights of bed and breakfast accommodation, and they may be able to assist.

Additionally, family or friends who are not enrolled in the programme cannot be accommodated in college.